Studies on antibacterial activities of Nigerian selected fungi: Fomes lignosus and Daldina concentrica.
Abstract
The anti-bacterial activities of the distilled water, ethanolic and chloroform extracts of two Nigerian Macrofungi; Fomes lignosus and Daldina concentrica were investigated on three Gram – negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and two Gram -positive bacteria (Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus) causing food poisoning, wound, urinary tract and respiratory infections in man, using hole
diffusion and filter paper disc methods. The most sensitive was hole diffusion method. The anti – bacterial activities of the tested macro – fungi vary and are target microbes specific. Of the tested macro fungi, Ethanolic extract of Daldina concentrica showed a significantly anti-bacterial activity (p<0.05) against test organisms except Bacilllus cereus. Staphylococcus aureus was the most sensitive organism. Chloroform extract of Daldina concentrica possessed significantly higher anti -bacterial activity (p<0.05) against the five tested organisms. The activity of Fomes lignosus extract of chloroform and ethanol against Staphylococcus aureus was significantly higher (p<0.05, 5mm-11mm) than that exhibited by Daldina concentrica. The effect of fresh macro-fungi on test organisms was also studied. Gram- negative bacteria are more sensitive to fresh Fomes lignosus than Gram-positive bacteria, while the anti- bacterial activity of Daldina concentrica was more active against Proteus mirabilis compared to other test organisms. Therefore, the study of anti-bacterial substances gives room for improvement of our technological knowledge in the determination of anti-bacterial substances from Nigerian selected higher fungi which will be useful in production of some anti-biotic
drugs in Nigeria pharmaceutical industries.
diffusion and filter paper disc methods. The most sensitive was hole diffusion method. The anti – bacterial activities of the tested macro – fungi vary and are target microbes specific. Of the tested macro fungi, Ethanolic extract of Daldina concentrica showed a significantly anti-bacterial activity (p<0.05) against test organisms except Bacilllus cereus. Staphylococcus aureus was the most sensitive organism. Chloroform extract of Daldina concentrica possessed significantly higher anti -bacterial activity (p<0.05) against the five tested organisms. The activity of Fomes lignosus extract of chloroform and ethanol against Staphylococcus aureus was significantly higher (p<0.05, 5mm-11mm) than that exhibited by Daldina concentrica. The effect of fresh macro-fungi on test organisms was also studied. Gram- negative bacteria are more sensitive to fresh Fomes lignosus than Gram-positive bacteria, while the anti- bacterial activity of Daldina concentrica was more active against Proteus mirabilis compared to other test organisms. Therefore, the study of anti-bacterial substances gives room for improvement of our technological knowledge in the determination of anti-bacterial substances from Nigerian selected higher fungi which will be useful in production of some anti-biotic
drugs in Nigeria pharmaceutical industries.
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