Heavy Metal Concentrations in Two Anadromous Fishes of Benin River in Relation to Human Health through Consumption.
Abstract
Human health risk assessment of heavy metal contamination through consumption of two fish species namely Pomadasys peroteti and Albula vulpes from Benin River, in Koko Town (Southern Nigeria) was studied.
Assessment of heavy metal concentrations was conducted in the liver, kidney and muscles of the fishes using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Mean heavy metal concentrations for Zn, Cd, Pb, Mn, As and Ni in P. peroteti were 2.65, 0.78, 0.15, 0.59, 0.49 and 0.86mg/kg for liver, 1.10, 0.32, 0.06, 0.25, 0.20 and 0.36mg/kg for muscle, 2.33, 0.68, 0.13, 0.52, 0.43 and 0.76mg/kg for kidney, respectively. In A. vulpes, concentrations were 0.69, 0.20, 0.04, 0.16, 0.13 and 0.23mg/kg for liver, 0.29, 0.08, 0.02, 0.06, 0.05 and 0.09mg/kg for muscle, 0.61, 0.18, 0.03, 0.14, 0.11 and 0.20mg/kg for kidney respectively. Target hazard quotients (THQs) for Cd, Pb, As, Ni, Mn and
Zn were 0.0411, 0.0021, 0.0476, 0.0023, 0.0002 and 0.0005 for P. peroteti; 0.0010, 0.0007, 0.0214, 0.0006, 0.0001 and 0.0001 for A. vulpes. The highest THQ values were for Arsenic with the values 0.0476 and 0.0214 for P. peroteti and A. vulpes respectively. The least THQ values were for Mn with values 0.0002 and 0.0001 for P. peroteti and A. vulpes respectively. Arsenic was the major risk contributor while Mn was the least for both fish species studied. The total THQ (TTHQ) of P. peroteti and A. vulpes were 0.0938 and 0.0239 respectively. TTHQ in both fish species less than 1, suggesting that the consumption of P. peroteti and A. vulpes are unlikely to cause any
adverse health effects to consumers.
Assessment of heavy metal concentrations was conducted in the liver, kidney and muscles of the fishes using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Mean heavy metal concentrations for Zn, Cd, Pb, Mn, As and Ni in P. peroteti were 2.65, 0.78, 0.15, 0.59, 0.49 and 0.86mg/kg for liver, 1.10, 0.32, 0.06, 0.25, 0.20 and 0.36mg/kg for muscle, 2.33, 0.68, 0.13, 0.52, 0.43 and 0.76mg/kg for kidney, respectively. In A. vulpes, concentrations were 0.69, 0.20, 0.04, 0.16, 0.13 and 0.23mg/kg for liver, 0.29, 0.08, 0.02, 0.06, 0.05 and 0.09mg/kg for muscle, 0.61, 0.18, 0.03, 0.14, 0.11 and 0.20mg/kg for kidney respectively. Target hazard quotients (THQs) for Cd, Pb, As, Ni, Mn and
Zn were 0.0411, 0.0021, 0.0476, 0.0023, 0.0002 and 0.0005 for P. peroteti; 0.0010, 0.0007, 0.0214, 0.0006, 0.0001 and 0.0001 for A. vulpes. The highest THQ values were for Arsenic with the values 0.0476 and 0.0214 for P. peroteti and A. vulpes respectively. The least THQ values were for Mn with values 0.0002 and 0.0001 for P. peroteti and A. vulpes respectively. Arsenic was the major risk contributor while Mn was the least for both fish species studied. The total THQ (TTHQ) of P. peroteti and A. vulpes were 0.0938 and 0.0239 respectively. TTHQ in both fish species less than 1, suggesting that the consumption of P. peroteti and A. vulpes are unlikely to cause any
adverse health effects to consumers.
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